{"id":671,"date":"2017-02-27T12:22:47","date_gmt":"2017-02-27T12:22:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/?p=671"},"modified":"2017-07-25T09:49:56","modified_gmt":"2017-07-25T08:49:56","slug":"black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere\/","title":{"rendered":"Black-carbon absorption enhancement in the atmosphere determined by particle mixing state"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>Unlocking the key to the &#8216;blackness&#8217; of atmospheric soot<\/h4>\n<p>Researchers at the University of Manchester have determined a key factor controlling the climate-impacting properties of black carbon (BC). BC in anthropogenic soot is known to have a very strong influence on climate and weather, particularly on regional scales, but there is a major source of uncertainty due to the so-called &#8221;lensing&#8221; effect, whereby material co-emitted with the BC or added during atmospheric processing coats the BC and increases its darkness by 50% or more. While lensing has been demonstrated during laboratory tests using model soots, evidence for it being a factor in the atmosphere has so far been inconsistent.<\/p>\n<p>This work analysed &#8221;real world&#8221; soots in the form of emissions from an automotive diesel engine in the laboratory and atmospheric soot in Manchester, specifically emissions from traffic, wood burning and bonfires on Guy Fawkes night. By using a combination of specialist online instruments measuring the mass and optical properties of individual particles, it was shown that the mass ratio of coating to BC must reach a threshold of around 1.5 for lensing to occur, likely to be because thinner coatings fail to fully envelop the BC. This new understanding will improve the accuracy of climate model predictions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"abstract-box\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In this work, the &#8216;lensing&#8217; effect of black carbon optical absorption enhancement has been linked to source and mass fraction<\/li>\n<li>A new hybrid model of atmospheric black carbon optical properties is proposed whereby a threshold of coating is required before absorption enhancement occurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/div>\n<p class=\"button\"><a target=\"blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/NGEO2901\" class=\"uom-button\">Click here to read the full article - DOI http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/NGEO2901<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unlocking the key to the &#8216;blackness&#8217; of atmospheric soot Researchers at the University of Manchester have determined a key factor controlling the climate-impacting properties of black carbon (BC). BC in anthropogenic soot is known to have a very strong influence on climate and weather, particularly on regional scales, but there is a major source of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157,"featured_media":697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,5,16],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-671","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-archive","8":"category-earth-and-environmental-sciences","9":"category-edition-03","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Black-carbon absorption enhancement in the atmosphere determined by particle mixing state - In Abstract<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Black-carbon absorption enhancement in the atmosphere determined by particle mixing state - In Abstract\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Unlocking the key to the &#8216;blackness&#8217; of atmospheric soot Researchers at the University of Manchester have determined a key factor controlling the climate-impacting properties of black carbon (BC). BC in anthropogenic soot is known to have a very strong influence on climate and weather, particularly on regional scales, but there is a major source of [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"In Abstract\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-02-27T12:22:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-07-25T08:49:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/61\/2017\/02\/68-Black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere-determined-by-particle-mixing-state.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"890\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Enna Bartlett\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Enna Bartlett\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/in-abstract\/black-carbon-absorption-enhancement-in-the-atmosphere\/\",\"name\":\"Black-carbon absorption enhancement in the atmosphere determined by particle mixing state - 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