{"id":954,"date":"2018-03-14T11:59:47","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T11:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/?p=954"},"modified":"2023-06-21T09:28:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-21T08:28:19","slug":"baby-bird-proves-big-deal-palaeontologists","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/2018\/03\/14\/baby-bird-proves-big-deal-palaeontologists\/","title":{"rendered":"Baby bird proves big deal to palaeontologists"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A tiny bird that was smaller than your little finger and lived the briefest of lives has proven itself a giant of fossil history.<\/p>\n<p>The chick in the picture below may look like a character from a Disney remake of <em>Walking With Dinosaurs<\/em>, but this little chap has provided us with a valuable insight into the evolution of birds. Most notably, it helps us understand better how birds evolved alongside the dinosaurs they shared the planet with during the Mesozoic Era.<\/p>\n<h2>Bird in the hand<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-955 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-983x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"983\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-983x1024.jpg 983w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-288x300.jpg 288w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-768x800.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 983px) 100vw, 983px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The bird in question is thought to be an enantiornithean. These prehistoric creatures looked very similar to the birds that live today, but had claws on their wings and teeth in their beaks. So what does this new fossil discovery bring to the table?<\/p>\n<p>Well, the bird in question lived a life that was cut abruptly short. While this is unquestionably bad news for the bird, it\u2019s good news for lead author Dr Fabien Knoll and his team at The University of Manchester\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ical.manchester.ac.uk\/\">Interdisciplinary Centre for Ancient Life (ICAL)<\/a> in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sees.manchester.ac.uk\/\">School of Earth and Environmental Sciences<\/a>. The bird\u2019s young age meant that its skeleton had yet to go through ossification and fuse, which makes it easier to examine the separate parts of its physiology.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe evolutionary diversification of birds has resulted in a wide range of hatchling developmental strategies and important differences in their growth rates,&#8221; Dr Knoll explains. &#8220;By analysing bone development we can look at a whole host of evolutionary traits.\u201d For example, the breastplate of the baby bird was still formed largely of cartilage, having yet to turn into hard bone. This told the researchers that the bird would not have been able to fly.<\/p>\n<h2>Flying the nest<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-956 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-skeleton-1024x883.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"883\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-skeleton-1024x883.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-skeleton-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-skeleton-768x662.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Baby-bird-skeleton.jpg 1392w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>While the little bird was no bigger than a grasshopper and couldn\u2019t fly, that\u2019s not to say it would have been entirely helpless. While some baby birds are totally reliant on their mother bird \u2013 remaining in the nest until they learn to fly and feeding on morsels brought back by their mum \u2013 others, like chickens, are fairly self-sufficient from birth, and are mobile as soon as they hatch.<\/p>\n<p>Of particular interest to the scientists is just how similar the skeleton of the baby bird is to those alive today. The study\u2019s co-author Luis Chiappe, of the LA Museum of Natural History, said: \u201cThis new discovery, together with others from around the world, allows us to peek into the world of ancient birds that lived during the age of dinosaurs. It is amazing to realise how many of the features we see among living birds had already been developed more than 100 million years ago.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Early bird<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-958 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Pterosaurs-small-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Pterosaurs-small-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Pterosaurs-small-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Pterosaurs-small-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/59\/2018\/03\/Pterosaurs-small.jpg 1166w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The fossilised chick represents one of the earliest known birds. The general consensus is that birds evolved during the Mesozoic Era \u2013 the time that this little guy lived. The Mesozoic Era encompassed the Cretatious, Jurassic and Triassic periods, and is also known as the Age of Reptiles, as this was a time when dinosaurs ruled the planet.<\/p>\n<p>While we\u2019re more used to thinking of pterosaurs roaming the skies at this time, there were birds too. And, interestingly, birds are more closely related to dinosaurs than they are pterosaurs, which \u2013 unlike many dinosaurs \u2013 lacked feathers and were more likely to be furry, with wings formed from a skin membrane stretched between an elongated finger and the ankle.<\/p>\n<p>Pterosaurs are often mistakenly referred to as dinosaurs but they were entirely different \u2013 they just shared the same planet. It would be a bit like saying humans are rodents. Birds, on the other hand, did start out as dinosaurs, with many scientists pointing to a type of theopoda dinosaur that moved on two legs and had hollow bones \u2013 just like birds today \u2013 as the forefather of modern birds.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Words <\/em>\u2013 Hayley Cox<\/p>\n<p><em>Images <\/em>\u2013 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.manchester.ac.uk\/discover\/news\/127-million-year-old-baby-bird-fossil-sheds-light-on-avian-evolution\/\">The University of Manchester<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/garrettziegler\/13822271745\/in\/photolist-n4qKQ6-27VJ69-eD3kMR-4oqJCc-bE6d3h-pqHizS-HnY1QM-dy6jVC-8cxhQV-2Q9QeY-bE6cfm-8ek1ba-2gJdE-bE6cZ5-egoaRV-n4rEmY-n4sJX9-8cxkTi-8FjTAR-5AoYqf-n4qMFQ-n4qagK-8eoh8G-8eofC3-F28hSZ-6FHmGr-bE6bSq-fLntk2-bSZVRi-EpMHm2-8eohTJ-bSZYcn-bKuX46-nkHYaX-8cAHDu-bSZXWz-bE6daE-egoaUX-bT1ewR-bW4c47-bSZVSr-bE6beU-bT1eyi-fYsiib-bSZXBB-bSZWE2-bE6ccu-8eofmb-bSZWm2-bE6tK5\">Garrett Ziegler<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A tiny bird that was smaller than your little finger and lived the briefest of lives has proven itself a giant of fossil history. The chick in the picture below may look like a character from a Disney remake of Walking With Dinosaurs, but this little chap has provided us with a valuable insight into [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":160,"featured_media":959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[210,337,211],"tags":[96,338,215,32,98,107],"class_list":{"0":"post-954","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-departments","8":"category-dinosaurs","9":"category-research-impact-and-institutes","10":"tag-dinosaur","11":"tag-dinosaurs","12":"tag-earth-and-environmental-sciences","13":"tag-evolution","14":"tag-fossil","15":"tag-paleontology","16":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Baby bird proves big deal to palaeontologists - Science and Engineering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mub.eps.manchester.ac.uk\/science-engineering\/2018\/03\/14\/baby-bird-proves-big-deal-palaeontologists\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Baby bird proves big deal to palaeontologists - Science and Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A tiny bird that was smaller than your little finger and lived the briefest of lives has proven itself a giant of fossil history. 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